Introduction on OntoDL+

Language

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Language

An OntoDL+ file starts with Ontologia and a name, then a fixed sequence of sections, and ends with a period. individuos is optional. OntoDL+ also allows an atributos section before the concepts and a restrictions section after the triples.

Ontologia biblioteca

conceitos {
 Livro[titulo:string, ano:string],
 Autor[nome:string]
}

individuos {
 duna, herbert
}

relacoes {
 escritoPor
}

triplos {
 duna = iof => Livro [titulo="Duna", ano="1965"];
 herbert = iof => Autor [nome="Frank Herbert"];
 duna = escritoPor => herbert
} .

Reserved section names in the original language are Portuguese. Built-in relations are bilingual: iof / instancia, pof / parte, is-a / subclasse, synonym / sinonimo.

Grammar

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Grammar

This is not the compiler grammar: semantic actions and the Java package ontodlp were omitted. Several rules exist only as examples in the thesis and were written out here so the language can be documented and, later, edited in an IDE.

word reserved
name of a rule
=> punctuation
? optional * repetition

Structure

ontologia

Ontologia TEXT atributosSecao ? conceitos individuos ? relacoes triplos restricoes ? .

expandStmt

expand fileName ;

fileName

TEXT . TEXT . TEXT *

Concepts and attributes

atributosSecao

atributosKw { expandStmt }

atributosKw { atributoDeclList }

atributoDeclList

atributoDecl , atributoDecl *

atributoDecl

TEXT : tipo

conceitos

conceitosKw { expandStmt }

conceitosKw { conceitoList }

conceitoList

conceito , conceito *

conceito

TEXT atributos ?

atributos

[ atributoRef , atributoRef * ]

atributoRef

TEXT

TEXT : tipo

tipo

TEXT

enum ( enumValue , enumValue * )

enumValue

atom

Individuals

individuos

individuos { expandStmt }

individuos { individuoList }

individuoList

TEXT TEXT ? , TEXT TEXT ? …

Relations

relacoes

relacoesKw { expandStmt }

relacoesKw { relacaoList }

relacaoList

relacao , relacao *

relacao

TEXT

TEXT [ relInf , relInf * ]

relInf

domain : TEXT

codomain : TEXT

props : properties

properties

( property , property * )

property

bijection

injection

surjection

abstraction

function

representation

surjective

simple

entire

injective

inverseKw = TEXT

Triples

triplos

triplos { expandStmt }

triplos { triploList }

triploList

triplo ; triplo *

triplo

( ? TEXT = iofKw => TEXT atribInsts ? ) ?

( ? TEXT = pofKw => TEXT ) ?

( ? TEXT = isaKw => TEXT ) ?

( ? TEXT = synKw => TEXT ) ?

( ? TEXT = TEXT => TEXT ) ?

TEXT =[ relacionamentos ; relacionamentos * ]

relacionamentos

TEXT => TEXT , relMultiplo *

synKw => TEXT , relMultiplo *

isaKw => TEXT , relMultiplo *

pofKw => TEXT , relMultiplo *

iofKw => TEXT atribInsts ? , relMultiplo *

relMultiplo

=> ? TEXT

atribInsts

[ atribInst , atribInst * ]

atribInst

TEXT = atom

Constraints

restricoes

restricoesKw { constraint * }

constraint

constraintAtom :- constraintBody .

constraintBody

constraintDisj

constraintConj ; constraintConj *

constraintConj

constraintPrim , constraintPrim *

constraintPrim

( constraintBody )

not ( constraintBody )

constraintAtom

TEXT = TEXT => TEXT

TEXT == atom

TEXT \= atom

Keywords

atributosKw

atributos

attributes

conceitosKw

conceitos

concepts

relacoesKw

relacoes

relations

restricoesKw

restricoes

restrictions

inverseKw

inverseOf

inversaDe

iofKw

iof

instancia

pofKw

pof

parte

isaKw

is-a

subclasse

synKw

synonym

sinonimo

Lexicon

atom

TEXT

STRING

NUMBER

comment

From // to the end of the line, or between /* and */. Ignored.

TEXT

A name. Starts with a letter, then letters, digits, underscores or hyphens. Accented letters are allowed.

STRING

Text in single or double quotes.

NUMBER

One or more digits.

Credits

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Credits

OntoDL+ was created by Alexandre Costa Dias at the University of Minho, Escola de Engenharia, Departamento de Informática, as a master’s dissertation in Informatics Engineering (October 2021).

Supervisors:

Pedro Rangel Henriques (Ph.D.)
Cristiana Esteves Araújo (M.Sc.)

The language extends OntoDL.

Thesis: Dias, Alexandre Costa. ONTODL+: an ontology description language and its compiler. Master’s thesis, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1822/81340

Official site: https://epl.di.uminho.pt/~gepl/GEPL_DS/OntoDL/

José Carlos Ramalho and Salete Teixeira provided ontologies used in the thesis. Those files are not copied in this repository; they remain on the official download page.